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Silverlight图表控件新类型:区域图和冒泡图

作者:不详 出处:IT专家网 2010年02月03日 阅读:

首先就是其图表控件集合中新增了两种类型,分别为:Area,Bubble(区域图和冒泡图)。下面就是其演示效果:

 

  首先,我们要创建一个SL应用,并在项目中加载对下面DLL文件的引用(来自下载的源码包):

  System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit.dll

  然后在相应的XAML文件中添加对控件的声明,如下:

 <UserControl x:Class="Silverlight_ToolKit3.DataVisualization"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" 
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" 
    <!--引用声明-->
    xmlns:controlsToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.Toolkit"
    xmlns:chartingToolkit="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Charting;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit"
    Width="800" Height="300">
    <Grid x:Name="LayoutRoot" Background="White">    
        <Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
            <ColumnDefinition Width="400"/>
           <ColumnDefinition Width="400"/>
        </Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
        <!--控件定义-->
        <chartingToolkit:Chart x:Name="AreaEmployeeList" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" Title="区域图" />
        <chartingToolkit:Chart x:Name="BubbleEmployeeList" Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="1" Title="气泡图" /> 
    </Grid>
</UserControl>

  因为要显示数据,所以我直接将数据对象集合“硬编码”到CS文件中,如下:

  public List GetEmployeeList()
  {
  List employeeList = new List();
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 1, EmployeeName = "大林", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 2, EmployeeName = "小林", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 3, EmployeeName = "张三", Salary = 1000, City = "合肥" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 4, EmployeeName = "李四", Salary = 1500, City = "天津" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 5, EmployeeName = "王五", Salary = 2000, City = "上海" });
  return employeeList;
  }
  public List GetOtherEmployeeList()
  {
  List employeeList = new List();
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 6, EmployeeName = "赵六", Salary = 800, City = "北京" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 7, EmployeeName = "尤七", Salary = 2100, City = "武汉" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 8, EmployeeName = "马八", Salary = 1209, City = "海口" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 9, EmployeeName = "许九", Salary = 1600, City = "海口" });
  employeeList.Add(new EmployeeInfo { EmployeeID = 10, EmployeeName = "代十", Salary = 2300, City = "海口" });
  return employeeList;
  }
  public class EmployeeInfo
  {
  public int EmployeeID { set; get; }
  public string EmployeeName { set; get; }
  public int Salary { set; get; }
  public int[] Cost { get; set; }
  public string City { set; get; }
  }

  因为这两个控件都支持多数据源绑定,所以我用了两个方法分别获取对象集合,分别是:

    GetEmployeeList();
  GetOtherEmployeeList();

  接着,就要对相应的图表控件进行初始化和数据绑定操作了,首先是“区域图表控件”,其代码如下:

  #region 区域图
  AreaSeries areaSeries1 = new AreaSeries();
  areaSeries1.ItemsSource = GetEmployeeList();
  areaSeries1.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  areaSeries1.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  AreaEmployeeList.Series.Add(areaSeries1);
  AreaSeries areaSeries2 = new AreaSeries();
  areaSeries2.ItemsSource = GetOtherEmployeeList();
  areaSeries2.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  areaSeries2.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  areaSeries2.Foreground = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
  AreaEmployeeList.Series.Add(areaSeries2);
  #endregion

  上面代码依次声明了两个AreaSeries实例用于绑定两个数据源, 同时对第二个AreaSeries实例指定了红色背景来加以区别。当然对于AreaSeries的声明也可以放在XAML中进行定义,形如:
  
<chartingToolkit:Chart Title="Typical Use">
     <chartingToolkit:Chart.Series>
         <chartingToolkit:AreaSeries
             Title="Particulate Levels"
             IndependentValueBinding="{Binding EmployeeID}"
             DependentValueBinding="{Binding Salary}"/>
     </chartingToolkit:Chart.Series>
 </chartingToolkit:Chart>

   注:我这样写只是想演示如何使用代码方式来初始化控件和绑定数据。

  上面是关于Area图,下面再看一下Bubble图的初始化方法,其实因为ToolKit中的图表设计使用了统一的接口,因此不同的图表在具体实现时有些相似,下面的代码与上面的Area代码相差无几:

     #region 气泡图
  BubbleSeries bubbleSeries1 = new BubbleSeries();
  bubbleSeries1.ItemsSource = GetEmployeeList();
  bubbleSeries1.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  bubbleSeries1.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  bubbleSeries1.AnimationSequence = AnimationSequence.LastToFirst;
  BubbleEmployeeList.Series.Add(bubbleSeries1);
  BubbleSeries bubbleSeries2 = new BubbleSeries();
  bubbleSeries2.ItemsSource = GetOtherEmployeeList();
  bubbleSeries2.IndependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("EmployeeID");
  bubbleSeries2.DependentValueBinding = new System.Windows.Data.Binding("Salary");
  BubbleEmployeeList.Series.Add(bubbleSeries2);
  bubbleSeries1.AnimationSequence = AnimationSequence.FirstToLast;
  #endregion

  大家看到了吧,唯一的区别就在BubbleSeries上,而不是Area图表的AreaSeries。最后补充一下,因为当前版本与之前我写的文章使用的版本不同,导致如果想向图表的X,Y轴添加‘标题属性’所使用的类不同,在3.0里可用如下代码向X,Y轴绑定标题名称:

  Action chartModifier = (chart) =>
  {
  DisplayAxis dateAxis = new CategoryAxis { Orientation = AxisOrientation.X, Title = "雇员ID", FontStyle = FontStyles.Italic, ShowGridLines = true, FontSize = 14f };
  AreaEmployeeList.Axes.Add(dateAxis);
  DisplayAxis valueAxis = new CategoryAxis { Orientation = AxisOrientation.Y, Title = "薪水", FontStyle = FontStyles.Normal, ShowGridLines = true};
  AreaEmployeeList.Axes.Add(valueAxis);
  };
  chartModifier(AreaEmployeeList);

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